Suboptimal design
From EvoWiki
Contents |
Introduction
In many organisms examples of suboptimal design or jury-rigged design can be seen. These features can be explained easily by evolution, the "blind watchmaker", which can only act on what it's given to act upon, but not by creationism, or intelligent design (except by the Theory of "God created it that way to test our faith") which states that a designer God created all organisms with a clean slate. Suboptimal design is generally not discussed in evolution, but there is some examination of the nature of evolutionary constraints. Public defenders of evolutionary theory like to keep it prominent anyway, as an answer to intelligent design's organized complexity and irreducible complexity. It is significant to observe that a single example of a suboptimal or otherwise imperfect design instantaneously falsifies the idea that a master designer has created by its intervention all life specifically tailored to fit its particular niche. The Fall has to be offered as an explanation if ID is to be internally coherent for evidence suggesting an error in the design of life by an allegedly flawless architect.
Thus, suboptimal design forces ID proponents to decide whether they want to be scientists and acknowledge that their argumentation does not work, or pseudoscientists who invent excuses, making their hypothesis unfalsifiable.
Examples
Examples of suboptimal design include non-functioning organs, vestigial features in general, and roundabout wiring:
- Alulas in flightless ratites
- Amniote gill bars
- Auto-immune diseases
- Odd biochemical pathways
- Carpal tunnel
- Cellulose
- Descendant Testes in humans and other primates
- Developmental pathways
- Diastataxy
- Aquatic air breathing
- Ductus choledochus is prone to blockage
- Endosymbiosis
- Esophagus prone to choking
- Flounder eyes and mouths
- Flowers of asexually-reproducing plants
- Fused bones
- Goose pimples on humans
- Host-specific parasites
- Human posture
- Humeral elevators in Aves
- Land-vertebrate blood circulation
- Land-vertebrate side toes
- Loss of iron in menstruation
- Mammalian inability to re-grow lost limbs
- Mammalian tidal respiration
- Nautilus eyes
- Neural regeneration
- Plantaris muscle
- Pseudocopulation
- Reptile cardiopulmonary capability
- Sabretooth cats
- Seed plants' tiny gametophytes
- Snake smell mechanism
- Vertebrate eye
- Wisdom teeth
Vestigial features
Editorials
External Links
- Response to this article on CreationWiki
- Some More Of God's Greatest Mistakes - Gives many more examples with short summaries
- A 2004 paper: Behrman EJ, Marzluf GA, Bentley R (2004). "Evidence from Biochemical Pathways in Favor of Unfinished Evolution rather than Intelligent Design." Journal of Chemical Education. 81(7):1051-1052. Abstract -- Discussed by PZ Myers here.
- Organisms That Look Designed - A subtle (?) reductio ad absurdum for the whole Intelligent Design hypothesis.

